Dear Students,

We are conducting research titled Developing mathematics pre-service teachers’ level of mental construction of two-dimensional and three-dimensional trigonometry. This study aims to develop MPTs' level of mental construction of 2D and 3D trigonometry.

Trigonometry assists in developing mathematics pre-service teachers’ (MPTs') creative, logical, and analytical thinking skills; expanding their various cognitive skills; and having great utility value in their daily lives (Sujadi & Subanti, 2019). The MPTs’ cognitive skills include working memory, sustained attention, multiple simultaneous attention, category formation, and pattern recognition (Kuhns, 2018). With creative, logical, and analytical thinking skills, trigonometry links concepts about shape and space with other mathematical ideas like ratio, deduction, and mathematical proof. Trigonometry also allows MPTs to link what is observed in real life with the world of classroom mathematics (Maknun et al., 2019). Various concepts in trigonometry, like trigonometric identities and rules, with application to geometry and calculus, help in sustaining multiple simultaneous attention, category formations, and pattern recognition (Sánchez-Pérez et al., 2018). These concepts, when integrated into real-life experiences, go a long way in appreciating the concept of trigonometry.

As a mathematics education undergraduate student who is likely to face/who has already faced the challenges of 2D and 3D trigonometry either at your high school level or undergraduate level, you are invited to please participate in this study.

This study has been ethically reviewed and approved by the University of Johannesburg Faculty of Education Research Ethics Committee (approval number: Sem 1-2023-001)

We invite you to complete our survey at https://forms.gle/SXSkMurvRTskZrYg8 by 25 October 2023.

Thank you,

Izuchukwu Okoye-Ogbalu; Professor E Spangenberg and Dr V Ramdhany

Email: izuchukwuokoyeogbalu@yahoo.com; ericas@uj.ac.za and virenr@uj.ac.za